Chapter 1: The Early Gods
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♠ Epimenides, Theogony 3B6 – Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker 1, p. 34, ed. H. Diels and W. Kranz. 6th ed. Berlin 1951.
Paus. VIII 18, 2 Epimenides of Crete also represented Styx as the daughter of Okeanos and said that she was not the wife of Pallas, but she bore Echidna to Peiras, whoever Peiras may be. (Transl. E Bianchelli) Greek Text
♠ Pindar, Paian 6.155 – Pindarus 2, p. 31, ed. B. Snell and H. Maehler. Leipzig 1975.
…] before an oath of Styx (Transl. E. Bianchelli)
♠ Homeric Hymn 31 to Helios 1-7
And now, O Muse Calliope, daughter of Zeus, begin to sing of glowing Helios whom mild-eyed Euryphaessa, the far-shining one, bare to the Son of Earth and starry Heaven. For Hyperion wedded glorious Euryphaessa, his own sister, who bare him lovely children, rosy-armed Eos and rich-tressed Selene and tireless Helios who is like the deathless gods. Greek Text
♠ Il 8.68 – Homer, Iliad
But when the sun had reached mid heaven Greek Text
♠ Il 3.277 – Homer, Iliad
Father Zeus, that rulest from Ida, most glorious, most great, and thou Sun, that beholdest all things and hearest all things, and ye rivers and thou earth, and ye that in the world below take vengeance on men that are done with life, whosoever hath sworn a false oath. Greek Text
♠ Il 19.259 – Homer, Iliad
Be Zeus my witness first, highest and best of gods, and Earth and Sun, and the Erinyes, that under earth take vengeance on men. Greek Text
♠Od 8.302 – Homer, Odyssey
for Helius had kept watch for him and had brought him word. Greek Text
♠ HDem 62-89 – Homeric Hymn 2 to Demeter
So they came to Helios, who is watchman of both gods and men, and stood in front of his horses: and the bright goddess enquired of him: “Helios, do you at least regard me, goddess as I am, if ever by word or deed of mine I have cheered your heart and spirit. Through the fruitless air I heard the thrilling cry of my daughter whom I bare, sweet scion of my body and lovely in form, as of one seized violently; though with my eyes I saw nothing. But you —for with your beams you look down from the bright upper air over all the earth and sea —tell me truly of my dear child, if you have seen her anywhere, what god or mortal man has violently seized her against her will and mine, and so made off.”
So said she. And the Son of Hyperion answered her: “Queen Demeter, daughter of rich-haired Rhea, I will tell you the truth; for I greatly reverence and pity you in your grief for your trim-ankled daughter. None other of the deathless gods is to blame, but only cloud-gathering Zeus who gave her to Hades, her father’s brother, to be called his buxom wife. And Hades seized her and took her loudly crying in his chariot down to his realm of mist and gloom. Yet, goddess, cease your loud lament and keep not vain anger unrelentingly: Aidoneus, the Ruler of Many, is no unfitting husband among the deathless gods for your child, being your own brother and born of the same stock: also, for honor, he has that third share which he received when division was made at the first, and is appointed lord of those among whom he dwells.”
So he spake, and called to his horses: and at his chiding they quickly whirled the swift chariot along, like long-winged birds. Greek Text
♠ Tit fr 7 PEG – Titanomachia in Poetae Epici Graeci 1, p. 14, ed. A. Bernabé. Leipzig 1987.
SCHOL. Hom. 23 295b (V 45 Erbse) and the author of the Titanomachia says that Helios had two males and two females. ⌊⌊ (II) HIGYN. fab. 183 names of the horses of the Sun and of the Hours. Eous; by him the sky is turned. Aethops, as if flaming, he cooks the fruits of the earth. These trace-horses are male. The female are yoke-bearers: Bronte, whom we call Thunder, Sterope, whom we call Lightning. Eumelus of Corinth gives the information for this. (Transl. E. Bianchelli)
♠ Mimnermos 12 W – Iambi et Elegi Graeci 2, pp. 86-87, ed. M. L. West. Oxford 1972.
Ath. 469f-70b
And Mimnermos in his Nannoi says that Helios, when he is asleep, is carried to the east, lying on a golden bed made for this express purpose by Hephaistos; with this he implies that the cup is hollow; so he says:
For Helios received a task every day, nor there is ever any rest for his horses or for him after rosy-fingered Eos, having left Okeanos, mounts up into the sky. [5] For through the waves a lovely intricate bed carries him over the surface of the water, made by the hands of Hephaistos, of precious gold, winged, as he pleasantly sleeps from the land of the Hesperides to the region of the Ethiopians where his swift chariot and his horses [10] stand until early-born Eos comes; then the son of Hyperion mounts his chariot again. (Transl. E. Bianchelli)
♠ HHerm 68-69 – Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes
The Sun was going down beneath the earth towards Ocean with his horses and chariot. Greek Text
♠ HomH 8-16 – Homeric Hymn 31 to Helios
As he rides in his chariot, he shines upon men and deathless gods, and piercingly he gazes with his eyes from his golden helmet. Bright rays beam dazzlingly from him, and his bright locks streaming from the temples of his head gracefully enclose his far-seen face: a rich, fine-spun garment glows upon his body and flutters in the wind: and stallions carry him. Then, when he has stayed his golden-yoked chariot and horses, he rests there upon the highest point of heaven, until he marvelously drives them down again through heaven to Ocean. Greek Text
♠ Od 12.176 – Homer, Odyssey
and the rays of the lord Helios Hyperion. Greek Text
♠ Th 1011 – Hesiod, Theogony
And Circe the daughter of Helius, Hyperion’s son Greek Text
♠ HDem 74 – Homeric Hymn 2 to Demeter
And the Son of Hyperion answered her. Greek Text
♠ HDem 2.26 – Homeric Hymn to Demeter
and the lord Helios, Hyperion’s bright son. Greek Text
♠ Il 8.480 – Homer, Iliad
and have joy neither in the rays of Helios Hyperion nor in any breeze. Greek Text
♠ Od 12.133 – Homer, Odyssey
Phaethusa and Lampetie, whom beautiful Neaera bore to Helios Hyperion. Greek Text
♠ Il 19.398 – Homer, Iliad
and behind him stepped Achilles harnessed for fight, gleaming in his armour like the bright Hyperion. Greek Text
♠ HAp 369 – Homeric Hymn 3 to Apollo
but here shall the Earth and shining Hyperion make you rot. Greek Text
♠ Eumelos fr 3 PEG – Poetae Epici Graeci 1, pp. 109-10, ed. A. Bernabé. Leipzig 1987.
But when Aietes and Aloeus were born of Helios and Antiope, then the noble son of Hyperion apportioned out the land among his children. He gave that though which Asopos flows to mighty Aloeus; and that which is owened by Ephyra he gave entirely to Aietes. Then Aietes voluntarily gave it to Bounos until he himslef or his son or his grandson should return; and he went to the land of Kolchis. (Transl. E. Bianchelli)
♠ Mimnermos 12 W – Iambi et Elegi Graeci 2, pp. 86-87 , ed. M. L. West. Oxford 1972.
See above
♠ Stesichoros 185 PMG – Poetae Melici Graeci, pp. 100-01 ed. D. L. Page. Oxford 1962.
♠ Ol 7.39 – Pindar, Olympian
Then even the god that brings light to mortals, son of Hyperion Greek Text
♠ Od 12.127-36 – Homer, Odyssey
And thou wilt come to the isle Thrinacia. There in great numbers feed the kine of Helios and his goodly flocks, seven herds of kine and as many fair flocks of sheep, and fifty in each. These bear no young, nor do they ever die, and goddesses are their shepherds, fair-tressed nymphs, Phaethusa and Lampetie, whom beautiful Neaera bore to Helios Hyperion. These their honored mother, when she had borne and reared them, sent to the isle Thrinacia to dwell afar, and keep the flocks of their father and his sleek kine. Greek Text
♠ Od 12.374-88 – Homer, Odyssey
“Swiftly then to Helios Hyperion came Lampetie of the long robes, bearing tidings that we had slain his kine; and straightway he spoke among the immortals, wroth at heart: “‘Father Zeus and ye other blessed gods that are for ever, take vengeance now on the comrades of Odysseus, son of Laertes, who have insolently slain my kine, in which I ever took delight, when I went toward the starry heaven and when I turned back again to earth from heaven. If they do not pay me fit atonement for the kine I will go down to Hades and shine among the dead.’ “Then Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, answered him and said: ‘Helios, do thou verily shine on among the immortals and among mortal men upon the earth, the giver of grain. As for these men I will soon smite their swift ship with my bright thunder-bolt, and shatter it to pieces in the midst of the wine-dark sea.’ Greek Text
♠ Il 18.239-40 – Homer, Iliad
Then was the unwearying sun sent by ox-eyed, queenly Hera to go his way, full loath, to the stream of Ocean. Greek Text
♠ E: El 699 – Euripides, Elektra
Then, it was then that Zeus changed the radiant paths of the stars, and the light of the sun. Greek Text
♠ Or 996 – Euripides, Orestes
from which Strife changed the course of the sun’s winged chariot, fitting the westward path of the sky towards the single horse of Dawn; and Zeus diverted the career of the seven Pleiads into a new track and exchanged . . . death for death. Greek Text
♠ AP 9.98 – Palatine Anthology (Greek Anthology)
Greek Text and English Translation
♠ Homeric Hymn 28 to Athena
the bright Son of Hyperion stopped his swift-footed horses a long while, until the maiden Pallas Athena had stripped the heavenly armour from her immortal shoulders. Greek Text
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Edited by Elena Bianchelli, Senior Lecturer of Classical Languages and Culture, University of Georgia, July 2020
